(🔄)

• 1銆label棣欐腐璁拌呬负浠涔堟(zhuàn )埓(liě )澶寸洈
• 2銆label宀(✋)宠姵鑻(🚜)卞湪(tuàn )鐢佃涓婂彂鐜伴珮蹇楄繙(🐕)(fán )鏄(tuán )鍑(🦌)犻(🥜)泦(🚏)
• 4銆label鍘嗗彶涓婃(🛑)湁鍝簺浜轰鸡鎯(🚁)

1銆label棣(dì(🛌) )欐(lǐ(📕) )腐璁拌呬负浠涔堟埓澶寸(🌇)洈

2銆label宀宠姵(🙌)鑻卞湪(tuàn )鐢佃涓婂彂鐜伴珮蹇楄繙(⤵)鏄鍑犻泦

鏅氫笂锛岄珮寤哄浗涓嬬彮(yǒng )鍥(qiè(🏵) )炲埌瀹(yuè )讹紝宀宠姵(pèi )鑻卞綋(🤤)鍗冲枈浣忥紝鎶婄櫧澶(💔)湅瑙佷(hěn )簡楂(zhā(🗣) )樺織杩滅(🐀)殑浜嬪憡璇夐珮(💪)寤哄(🏊)浗銆傜櫧澶湪鐢佃涓婅鍒伴(⏱)珮蹇楄繙鍙涓嫳璋堝垽浠(⛄)鏉埌棣欐腐ftp杩炴帴(jiǎn )鍚庯紝(🍾)宀宠姵鑻辩(biàn )珛鍗冲(🥜)氨璺戝(🎊)幓浼氶(🔸)锛岃(💱)繙(fá(🔳)n )杩滃湴鐪(lǔ )嬭楂(zhā )樺織杩滃拰璁拌呭湪(tuà(🗓)n )璋(🕡)堣(yú(🎈) )瘽锛(🕚)(bēn )屽渤(🈯)(bó )鑺宠嫳(piè(📧) )鍠婁(lóu )簡楂樺(📧)織杩滅殑鍚嶅瓧鍗(🍨)磋繕(🍓)娌湁鑳(🙆)藉寰楀埌楂(zhā )樺織杩滅(miè )殑鍥炲簲(🚒)銆imgsrchttpimg1gtimgcomcdpicshv125222559238552427jpg楂樺缓鍥(👮)戒竴(cūn )鍚氨(ā(❔)n )浠栦滑鏉(🔖)簡姘(🤽)旓紝(rèn )鎬(🏈)荤畻鍜(😗)岄珮蹇楄繙鍐(✨)嶆(🦖)鐩(🕋)搁紝宀宠姵(🛥)鑻卞钩鏃剁(duò )殑澶棑闂(🌠)効绔炵(tōng )劧(🕤)钄(🌸)簡锛岀湡鏄叧(✖)閿椂鍒绘帀閾惧瓙銆傚(xià(👫)o )渤鑺宠(🦉)嫳涔熸槑鐧借嚜宸辫禌鏋滅晱(🚁)缂棤璇濆彲璇达紝灏嗙濂藉悕瀛楃殑鎶(gē )垫娂鍚堢害浜粰(🖼)浣犱滑楂(zhā(👗) )樺(🏴)缓(🔑)鍥戒(jiè )究鍥炲(😴)眿(⏸)韬(🛀)茬潃鍥(😋)炪(zhuō )p

3銆label鏈夋病鏈夋亹(wěi )鎬(🛳)(gǎo )栫殑灏忕瀵嗗(🌄)彲浠垎浜h3

2003骞寸殑鏃跺(🆕)欙紝閭椂鍊欐(lǐ )垜鎵(🚸)(jiā )0宀侊紝鎴戣寰(🐸)楅潪甯(🔦)(níng )告竻妤(🚡)氾紝鍦埛(jiōng )鐖峰鐨勫妲愭爲涓(🛶)嬪彂鐢熶(🖱)簡鑷充粖鎴(xí(🖨) )戦兘璁负闈炲父鍙(💕)曠殑(qíng )浜嬫儏銆h1閭涓崍锛屾垜(🔁)鐜(👴)(duī(🏓) )板湪鍙笉(😴)杩囦粈涔堥兘(🎧)鐪嬩笉娓呮(qì )鎴戣寰楋紝澶皵闈(🐅)炲父澶(🕘)儹(✡)锛(🔞)屼(🐷)篃鏄殤(🚼)(shāng )鍋囷紝浠(💖)墠澶湴閮借鐑寲浜(😓)嗕(rù )竴鏍(🔩)枫(😝)p

鎴戝(🛋)悆(yù )瀹屼互鍚庡崍(🌂)楗拰鎴戠埛鐖锋(🍛)垜(duǒ )鍏荤殑澶粍(❣)鐙椾(🖲)竴璧风帺锛屾垜鎵旀湪澶村畠缁欐垜鍙(hù )煎嚭鍘(zhá(🧢) )伙紝姝(🤲)帺寰(🛒)楀紑蹇冪殑鏃跺欙(🎱)紝蹇界(💀)劧闂撮棿澶粍(zhé )鐙楀啿鍚戦櫌闂紝缁撴潫浣垮姴(🍲)鐨勫彨锛屾垜灏(💇)卞噯澶囧鍘绘壘瀹冿(jiān )紝鐪嬩竴涓(juā(🖼)n )嬪彂鐢熶簡浠涔(cén )堜簨(🎺)鎯呫(tiè )p

鍙(hù )槸瀹冨洖(wú )鍘讳(🆎)互(hù )鍚庝(tóng )互鍚庡(🚴)拷(👭)(kǎo )鐒堕棿灏变笉鍙簡锛屽鐫灏惧反(🚓)灏卞洖鍘讳簡锛(bēn )岃娓呮杩欏彧澶粍鐙椾絾(🔣)鏄浉褰(🌩)撳潥寮虹殑(🏚)锛屾湁杩(🦈)囧拰鏉戦(💘)噷闈(💌)殑澶嫾鐙楀挰鏋堕兘娌(😣)湁(🕓)杈(📻)(chā )撹繃(🏑)锛(bēn )屼絾瀹冮偅鏃跺欑殑鏍峰瓙(dào )锛岀湅(là(🎍)n )涓婂幓鍍忔(💩)槸(yì )鐪嬪(🕑)埌浜嗗寮烘(📤)倣鐨勪簨鎯呬竴鏍凤紝鎴(xí(🐭) )戜篃(⌚)鍚撳緱鏁嚭闂(🎏)簡銆p

涓嶈繃鐖风埛瀹剁(😳)殑(⛹)闄(🍓)棬澧欏褰撶劧(💦)涓嶉珮锛屼(🌘)篃灏变(🖇)竴绫冲乏鍙筹(🕶)紝(rèn )鑰(🐓)屼笖鏈変竴娈垫槸鏈妗瓙(🥖)锛岃繖涓(juān )椂鍊(🧚)欐垜灏辫洞鍒版瀛愬悗闈線(💉)澶(🗽)栫(🥁)湅锛岀獊鐒堕棿闂存昏寰椾竴鑲緢鍑夌殑椋庡氨鍚逛簡杩涙潵锛岀劧(zhǐ )鍚庡啀(🔤)鎱戜汉(💯)涓嶅彲鎬濊鐨勪簨鎯呭氨鍙(✍)戠敓(🈺)浜嗕粈涔堜簡锛(bēn )屼竴涓(juān )緢楂樺(🏍)緢鐦鐫澶潅涔变笉鍫殑浜猴(hóu )紝(🕛)閭(🌹)潃涓鏍瑰(📰)绮楀鐨勬(🍷)瀛愬氨璧(🥒)颁簡(jiǎn )涓(🈳)婃(🆒)潵锛屼絾鏄蛋(🏎)(dà(🎏)n )鐨勫緢鎱(yuán )緢鐤叉儷(lí )锛屼粬涓彧鐪艰(👚)寰(🐯)楁槸绌虹殑(🖌)锛岃儭瀛愬鍙戜篃(mèi )閭箞鐭紝(🌂)澶(chán )氬骞撮緞(duàn )鎴戜(🛥)(dié )篃鐪嬩笉杩(👴)涘幓锛屼粬(👝)鐩寸(🚲)洿(🍞)鐨勫氨璧(🕉)(bì )颁(🙈)簡杩囧幓浜嗐傜劧(😰)鍚庡啀灏辫(🤔)共鍦埛鐖风殑(⛓)涓妫(🖕)靛妲(dá )愭爲涓(🍞)嬶紝韫插(chā )湪(tuàn )閭噷鍚冧笢瑗(🚫)挎椂锛(🔐)屽(➗)悆鐨勪(jué(🔖) )粈涔堟垜涔熸病娉剰鍒帮紝浣嗘槸鏄寰楀(🍮)(yǔ )悆鐩稿緢鎭愭栵紝褰撴(👬)椂鎴戜篃娌暍闇(ān )插锛岄偅(🚽)鏄紡(♊)鍦湪妗(🎱)瓙(dào )鍚庨潰锛岀洿鍒颁粬鎱(yuán )參鐨勮蛋杩溿傜(🤑)瓑浠栬蛋杩(mà(📧) )滀簡鎴(xí(🐥) )戞墠鍘(zhá(🚙) )绘壘澶粍锛屽榛勯偅(🕑)涓涓嬪崍(lái )閮藉氨娌庝(👊)箞鍔p

鍚(🔆)庢潵(🥓)鎴戜(📘)滑(huá )涓涓嬫(🚲)锛(👭)屽惉鏉戦噷闈殑(qíng )浜鸿锛屾(shēn )垜浠潙瀛愰噷闈墠鍑(fù )犲(chá(🚑)i )鏉(🌚)簡涓(📀)涓(📳)伃闂箣绁告潃浜(💥)虹(hóng )姱锛屾潃(🚠)浜(💐)嗛殧澹(⏰)佸幙(mù )鐨(fèi )勪竴(㊙)涓(🎷)潙鏀功鍏8鍙(hù )紝鍚杩囨槸鍙(📣)笉杩囨瀬鍖栫敓鐜夌殑鍘熷洜锛屽(àn )惉璇村(cū(🔜)n )悗鏉(🐊)璀(🦈)療鏁(suǒ )戣蛋(dàn )浜嗐(😷)p

鎴戣繖涓椂鍊欐墠(👻)娓呮(🏏)浠墠璺笂(💑)(wán )缁忚繃鐨勬槸涓涓(🌶)(juān )潃浜虹姱(kuā )銆傜(yáo )幇鍦兂(zān )涓鎯抽兘涓(juān )闃靛悗鎬曚笉宸插拰鍏韩鍙戞姈銆p

4銆label鍘(zhá )嗗彶涓(🏿)婃湁鍝簺浜轰鸡鎯

杩囦簡鍑犳棩涓浣(huàn )嶅(💻)巻鍙蹭笂鏈(liàn )娈(🛀)嬫棤(🅿)浜轰鸡鐨勭殗(yè )甯濓(lián )紝浠栦笉(😃)浠呭紤鐖(jī(👏) )剁浜(🈴)嗙(㊙)殗浣嶏紝杩樺嚮鏉(shòu )浜(bāng )嗗(🐃)厔闀(🚬)匡紝(rèn )濂(lián )歌颈浜(🗓)嗘瘝浜诧紝姝汉閭氨鏄殝鐐甯濄p

鏉箍鏄殝(zhēn )鏂囧笣鏉潥鐨勫効瀛(yí(🥠)ng )愶紝姝汉(📱)(hàn )闃撮櫓姣掕荆锛屽(🏄)伐(fá(🎦) )浜庡(yǐ )績(🚓)璁(🌑)紝(🙃)涓斿張(zhā(👷)ng )浼氫(qīng )吉瑁(🔛)呫傚(xiào )綋鏃讹紝鏉箍鐨勫摜鍝潹鍕囧凡琚珛涓哄瀛愶紝浣嗘潹(chán )骞垮嵈鏃(zú )犳椂鏃犲埢杩(🐶)樺(🍜)湪(tuàn )瑙(nǎo )戣(🤾)(kuí )鐨(fèi )囦綅銆備(bè(🍜)i )粬(qū )寰堟(🧞)竻妤氾紝(⛔)闃荤(🥙)(hūn )浠栫櫥涓婄(🛋)殗浣嶇殑姣(🎼)旇緝澶殰(🍖)纰嶆槸鏉媷(📗)锛屼(wù )粬闇瑕佸敖閫熸潃(⬇)姝昏繖绉嶉殰(dú )纰嶃傝岋紝鏉箍缁(☝)撴潫瑷璇幓璁鐖剁(duò )殗鏉潥(🥢)锛屽苟灏嗚嚜宸遍櫡闃辨垚涓浣嶉噸鎯呴噸涔夌殑浠佹厛鍚涘瓙銆p

鏈変竴娆紝鏉潥鏃犳剰涓潵鍒版(bǎ(💦)n )潹骞跨殑浣忓锛屼(🕹)粬(qū )绐佺劧鍙戠幇鏉(shòu )箍鐨(👷)勪功妗堜笂鎽嗘弧浜嗕(〰)功鍗凤(㊙)紝鑰屼竴鏋剁惔鍒欒(👽)鍐(wǎn )峰(🧤)喎鍦(🚈)板湴绌虹(🌕)疆浜(💪)庝(tóng )竴涓钀斤紝涓(juān )婇(🍼)潰瀹屽叏瑕嗙洊浜嗕竴灞(bà )傜伆灏樸傛潹(chán )鍧氫粠鑰屼互涓猴(hó(📧)u )紝鏉箍鏈(🕜)笉鍠滀笉鍠滀簬锛屽(🤰)嵈鏄竴涓瀛(🚴)笉鍊殑(qíng )璇(⏱)讳功浜猴紝(🍶)蹇(👴)(jiǎn )呮槸蹇楀(💔)悜(📨)杩滃銆傝繕鏈(🤩)(liàn )変竴(🌮)涓(🐗)竴(🐑)娆紝鏉箍璺熺潃鍑(fù )犲悕(🏌)闅(🌆)忎(📌)粠鍘昏(🕐)鐚庯紝(rèn )鍦鏃(🍙)(zú )锋棤浜虹殑(🎯)閲庡(📐)鍒氬(yà )阀閬(🚇)囧埌(🥂)浜嗕簡涓鍦哄闆紝闅忎粠浠悍绾疯劚涓(🕊)嬭嚜宸辩殑琛涓(📿)烘潹骞(🦇)挎(kuà )姭(🈁)濂芥尅闆紝鍙潹骞垮(🔭)嵈鏂(ōu )劧鍦颁(bān )笉(👐)鍙楋(💡)紝璇(xuán )翠綘浠劚浜(bāng )嗚鏈嶄负鎴戞尅闆紝浣犱滑(🕡)鍙(hù )楁穻鎴戜(dié )簬蹇冧笉蹇嶏紝(🐺)(rèn )涓嶅鎴戜滑涓(🕰)璧疯(fēng )闆穻鍚紒(jì )杩欎欢浜(🚧)嬫(👘)儏琚潹鍧氬惉(🌄)璇磋繃浜嗭紝瀵规潹骞垮張(zhāng )澶氫簡鍑犲垎濂(🐭)芥劅锛岃(yen )鐫浠栧崄鍒嗙埍涔嬪績銆(👨)p

澶瓙(📗)(dào )鏉媷涓嶈(📤)繃灏辫(🙏)繕娌(🤮)湁澶(⏮)(chán )鐨勫績(jì )鏈猴紝(rè(🦉)n )涓嶆渶鍠勯(🤚)暱琛幇(🔙)锛(🧀)岄殝鏂(ō(😞)u )囧笣鏉潥瀵硅繖(🎊)浣(⛲)嶅瀛愪竴(cūn )鐩翠笉(🎶)(qǐn )鐢氬璋簡锛岀幇(🎉)鍦笌(yá(😮) )鏉箍涓姣旇(👮)緝姣旇緝锛屾洿鎬昏寰(😇)楁棤鍫鐢(🤩)傚(💐)彟锛屾湞寤(😥)(wù )蜂(🎴)腑(fǔ )鐨勮澶氬鑷(🥇)兘涓庢潹骞夸氦鎯呬笉(🚞)(qǐn )閿欙(léi )紝涓(juā(❣)n )炵浉(shī )鏉(🥈)礌鏇存槸鏉(🥐)箍鐨勯搧鍝滑锛屽湪浠(🤙)栦滑鐨勯紦(🏟)鍔笅(🎻)锛岄殝(zhēn )鏂囧笣鍒(róu )版渶鍚(🐾)庡簾(lián )鏉媷(🤽)鑰屾敼(yǐ )绔嬫(📭)潹(chán )骞夸负澶瓙銆p

鏉箍鍋氫簡(jiǎn )澶瓙(dà(📭)o )鍚(yáng )庯(🙊)紝闅(wén )嬫(🚨)枃甯濅究灏嗘湞(zhēn )鏀垮浜嬮兘浜(bāng )笌鏉箍澶勭悊锛岃嚜宸卞畾涓嬪績鍦粊(🛁)(bǐ )瀵垮鍏荤梾銆傚(🤞)啀鍚庢潵锛岄殝鏂囧笣鐨勭梾鍔挎棩娓愪綆娌(lǐ )夛(📊)紝(✋)渚垮彫(🔞)(diā(⏸)o )鏉(🕤)箍鏉(shò(🎽)u )粊瀵垮浜(💫)(bāng )唬鍚庝簨(zhuàn )锛屼(wù )互闃蹭(😳)竾(chí )涓銆傛鏃剁殑鏉箍锛屾(🌪)棭浠笉鍐(🦗)嶉煬鍏夊吇鏅紝浠栧嚌(jì )瑙嗙潃濂勫涓鎭殑(🔌)鐖剁(🤩)殗锛屽(💻)績涓繕娌湁(chì(👁) )鍗婂垎鎮蹭(🐹)激锛(🥃)屽弽鍊(🐵)(liàn )掓劅瑙夌(🍭)殗浣嶈揩(kāi )鍦湁鐫紝涓嶇绗戦(😪)愰寮銆傞殝鏂囧笣(bāo )铏芥畫鍠(👺)橈紝浣(huàn )嗕粬棰嗘偀(😩)鍒颁簡(🍈)鏉箍姝(🐱)椂鐨勫績鎬濓紝瑙夌潃鑷繁鐪嬭蛋浜嗙(🌲)溂锛岄夐(➗)敊(chù(👄) )浜嗗瀛(yíng )愶紝(rèn )闅(wén )忓悗(😥)澶獋(〽)(gāo )涓(🌁)閫氭(❌)潹绱犮p

杩欎竴(cūn )娆紝(🍻)鍙堝(🥏)彂鐢熶簡涓浠朵簨鎯咃紝浠(🖌)殝鏂囧笣涓嬬嫚蹇冭閲嶇珛鏉媷涓哄(🎴)(hǒng )瀛(🧑)愩傚(💱)(xiào )師鏉(📊)紝闅嬫(👋)枃甯(níng )濇湁涓(🏵)鍚嶇埍濡冨彨瀹崕澶(📹)汉锛屽涓鐩(🐺)撮櫔渚(👽)嶅湪鏉潥鐨勭(🚸)梾姒诲墠銆傛(🚟)潹骞挎潵鍘绘帰鏈涚埗(bù )鐨囨椂锛岀珶鍙槸鍠滄(cāng )涓婁(🔹)簡(🍧)瀹崕澶(chán )汉鐨勫璨(🤤)(càn )屻(🍔)傞氳繃杈堝垎(🕍)锛(📋)屾潹骞胯偗(📴)瀹(📣)氱(yǎng )瀹崕(yá )澶汉涓烘瘝浜诧紝浣嗕粬涓(❇)濇涓嶇悊浼氫汉浼紝(rèn )褰(qiān )诲(huì(😅) )簳娣浜嗗銆(😕)p

瀹崕澶汉(hà(🎇)n )鍚戦殝鏂囧笣鍛婂瘑浜嗘潹骞跨(❇)殑鍏借(🤹)锛岄殝鏂囧笣鎬(⤴)掍(🚰)笉鍙亸锛屼究缁欏簾澶瓙鏉媷涓(juān )嬪瘑鏃紝娆茶浠栦笉鑳界(jiè )户鎵跨殗(🏫)浣嶃傚彲(⛔)(chī )鎯滐紝瀵嗘(⚪)棬閮借繕(shàn )娌嚭瀹(🎫)紝渚胯(🕕)涓炵浉鏉(💅)礌(🚝)缁欐(🖊)姠浜(bāng )嗛澶翠(cuì )簡(jiǎn )锛屼粠(hóng )鑰(yào )屾潹骞夸究鐭檽浜嗕竴鍒(⏳)囥傚湪鏉礌(➰)鐨(🔱)勫崗鍔(💟)(è )笅锛屼竴鍦鸿(hóng )鑵斂鍙(hù )樺啀娆垎鍙戜(dié )簡銆傛潹(⬆)骞垮(💭)畨鎺掑(🛁)浜嗗彲淇殑鍗叺鎺埗(🏴)骞跺叆涓(🚗)讳簡(🥧)闆烽福浠佸瀹紝(😖)(rèn )鎺潃灏(📭)嗛殝鏂(🙍)囧(jiǒng )笣(bāo )鏉姝伙紝浠(⏸)栫櫥鍩(tiǎn )轰负甯(🛡)濈鍙(hù )栦(chóu )簡鐨囦綅銆(mò )p

鏉箍褰(🗿)(qiān )撲笂鐨(fèi )囧笣(🌊)锛(🥩)屼究椤虹悊鎴愮珷(🔲)鍦板湴鐙嚜闇稿崰浜嗗鍗庡浜猴紝(🌁)灏(✂)嗚(🗒)繖浣嶆瘝浜茬撼(⚽)涓哄珨濡(🕕)(rú )冦備粬鏄负宸浐鑷繁鐨勭(👠)殗浣(🌄)嶏(pèi )紝杩(mà )樺皢(♊)鍝(🌻)摜(㊙)鏉媷(📣)鏁欐潗(🍥)涔犻瑙瓟涔(🌧)濅(🐶)釜鍎垮瓙褰诲(🚖)簳鏉(shòu )姝伙紝(rèn )杩欎竴(cūn )鍑(fù )轰(hōng )汉浼儴鍓紝(rèn )鍦崐涓腑鍥藉巻鍙蹭笂涔熸瀬涓哄皯(gǎn )瑙(☝)侊紒

濂囬椈寮備簨锛岀(chū )簿褰(💦)悍鍛(🖕)堬紒鍠(huáng )滄(🎾)灏(🍺)卞(biàn )叧(guǎ )娉锛侌煃馃崁